Gerhardt Key: Species of the subgenus Panaeolus, section Panaeolus

Key description:
Stem without annulus, rests of the veil visible as dentate or appendiculate margin of the cap. Sulphidia present at the side of gills (fig. 4 c); cap distinctly hygrophanous = Panaeolus rubricaulis

Panaeolus rubricaulis petch 1925

Synonyms: Panaeolus indicus, Panaeolus campanuloides.

Distribution: Asia (Vietnam, Sri Lanka)

Description by Gerhardt:
(After original diagnosis, petch 1925):
Pileus 1-2(4) cm wide, thimble down to conical glockig, convex, on the edge with bright, transient Velum residues (similar p. papilionaceus);

Cap skin dry, smooth, or at the top rugos; hygrophan; Colour moist Brown until grauschwarzlich, ausblassend with a lighter margin, drying.

Lamellae gray to black, with weblicher Schneidge, relatively away standing, bulge, ascending broadly grown.

Stalk up to approx. 100 × 2 mm, cylindrical; Colour reddish brown to purple brown, top web frosting, against the base web tomentose.

(Type of studies):
Spores 12-15 × 9-10(11) x 7-8 microns, smooth, opaque, clear abgeplattet Keimporus straight, slightly preferred (identical in shape and color with cyanescens).

Cheilocystidia hyaline, bulge-bottle shape, ca. 30-40 × 7-8 microns long keulig up spindelig bulbous, listeners with a small tip.

Basidia 4-spore, approximately 25 microns long.

Note: Some German translation assistance requested.